Anti Cancer Medicines

How does P-Carzine (Procarbazine HCL) work:

P-Carzine (Procarbazine HCL) is used as a treatment during the stages 3 and 4 of Hodgkin lymphoma. P-Carzine is an anti-neoplastic drug that is commonly used alongside other medication to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Be aware that this medication also effects non-cancerous cells and use will likely have side effects.

It is an antimetabolite, prescribed for breast cancer and colorectal cancer. It prevents the growth of cancer cells.

Capecitabine harms cancer cells causing their death.

• Nufil sfs contains Filgrastim which is a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) analog used to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation. It is produced by recombinant DNA technology.
• The gene for human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is inserted into the genetic material of Escherichia coli. The G-CSF then produced by E. coli is only slightly different from G-CSF naturally made in humans.

Uses:
Oncotrex(Methotrexate), abbreviated MTX and formerly known as amethopterin, is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug used in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. It acts by inhibiting the metabolism of folic acid. Methotrexate began to replace the more powerful and toxic antifolate aminopterin starting in the 1950s, and the two should not be confused with each other.

Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist that inhibits DNA synthesis. It irreversibly binds to dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting the formation of reduced folates, and thymidylate synthetase, resulting in inhibition of purine and thymidylic acid synthesis.

Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract at low doses, higher doses are less well absorbed. Rapidly and completely absorbed after IM doses. Peak plasma concentrations after 1-2 hours (oral), 30-60 minutes (IM).

Distribution
Tissues and extracellular fluids; crosses the blood-brain barrier and placenta; enters breast milk. Small amounts in saliva and breastmilk. 50% bound to plasma proteins. Bound as polyglutamate conjugates, bound drug may remain in the body for several months, particularly in the liver .

Metabolism
Partly by intestinal flora. Does not undergo significant metabolism at low dose therapy; 7-hydroxy metabolite is detected at high-doses.

Excretion
Primarily via urine; small amounts in bile, faeces. Some evidence of enterohepatic recirculation. Interindividual variation exists, patients with delayed clearance are at an increased risk of toxicity.

Clokeran (Chlorambucil)is used for Breast cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, hodgkin''''s disease, leukaemia, macroglobulinemia, non-hodgkin''''s lymphoma, ovarian cancer, waldenstrom''''s macroglobulinaemia.

Chlorambucil work by three different mechanisms:

1) attachment of alkyl groups to DNA bases, resulting in the DNA being fragmented by repair enzymes in their attempts to replace the alkylated bases, preventing DNA synthesis and RNA transcription from the affected DNA.

2) DNA damage via the formation of cross-links (bonds between atoms in the DNA) which prevents DNA from being separated for synthesis or transcription, and 3) the induction of mispairing of the nucleotides leading to mutations.

Alphalan contains Melphalan it is used in multiple myeloma,breast carcinoma,advanced ovarian carcinoma,polycythaemia vera, Neuroblastoma, Melanoma, soft tissue sarcoma.

Chemotherapy primarily refers to the treatment of cancer with an antineoplastic drug or with a combination of such drugs into a standardized treatment regimen. Certain chemotherapy agents also have a role in the treatment of other conditions, including ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma.The most common chemotherapy agents act by killing cells that divide rapidly, one of the main properties of most cancer cells. This means that chemotherapy also harms cells that divide rapidly under normal circumstances: cells in the bone marrow, digestive tract, and hair follicles. This results in the most common side-effects of chemotherapy: myelosuppression (decreased production of blood cells, hence also immunosuppression), mucositis (inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract), and alopecia (hair loss).